Fluoroquinolone Resistant Salmonella Species
Caleb Ndako Angulu *
Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Sadiq Umar Maryam
Biological Science Department, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
Godiya Peter Mamman
Biology Department, Nigeria Army University, Biu Borno State, Nigeria.
Innocent Apameio Jesse
Department of Biological Sciences, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria.
Agholor Kin
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Applied Sciences Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Nigeria.
Yakubu Mahmud
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural and Applied Sciences Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones are widely used most effective medication, systemic antibacterial that have long been used against respiratory and Urinary Tract Infections. Fluoroquinolones are effective against both aerobic and anaerobic gram positive and negative bacteria, most especially Salmonella species. Resistance comes as a curse with antibiotics that occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of drugs, chemicals or other agents designed to cure or prevent infections. The main problem connected with the therapeutic use of fluoroquinolones is the establishment of more virulent and resistant Salmonella species due to the development of either altered DNA-binding proteins or efflux pump mechanisms for antibiotics. It is currently a serious public health threat that affects people all around the world. When a Salmonella species develops resistance to fluoroquinolones, the fluoroquinolones are no longer effective in treating Salmonella infections. This review provides an overview of Salmonella infection, and discusses the fluoroquinolones, Mechanisms of antibiotics resistance in Salmonella, Pathogenesis of Salmonella species and clinical manifestations.
Keywords: Fluoroquinolones, salmonella, antibiotics resistance, infection, enteric fever