Prevalence of Carbapenems Resistant Bacteria: Case of Three Health Facilities in Lomé, Togo
S. Dossim *
Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU Campus, 03BP 30284, Lomé, Togo and Département des Sciences, Fondamentales et de Santé Publique, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo and Centre de Recherche de Biologie Moléculaire et d’immunologie, FSS-U, BP1515 Lomé Togo.
M. Salou
Département des Sciences, Fondamentales et de Santé Publique, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo and Centre de Recherche de Biologie Moléculaire et d’immunologie, FSS-U, BP1515 Lomé Togo and Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU Sylvanus Olympio, BP57 Lomé, Togo.
A. Azimti
Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU Campus, 03BP 30284, Lomé, Togo.
B. Bidjada
Institut National d’Hygiène, BP1396 Lomé, Togo.
A. M. Godonou
Centre de Recherche de Biologie Moléculaire et d’immunologie, FSS-U, BP1515 Lomé Togo.
E. Aoussi
Institut National d’Hygiène, BP1396 Lomé, Togo.
A. Kere-Banla
Institut National d’Hygiène, BP1396 Lomé, Togo.
M. Prince-David
Département des Sciences, Fondamentales et de Santé Publique, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo and Centre de Recherche de Biologie Moléculaire et d’immunologie, FSS-U, BP1515 Lomé Togo.
A. Y. Dagnra
Département des Sciences, Fondamentales et de Santé Publique, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo and Centre de Recherche de Biologie Moléculaire et d’immunologie, FSS-U, BP1515 Lomé Togo and Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU Sylvanus Olympio, BP57 Lomé, Togo.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacteria resistant to carbapenems within three reference health facilities in Lomé, Togo.
Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out between April and August 2016 within three medical bacteriology laboratories: Institut National d’Hygiène (INH), Sylvanus Olympio and Campus Teaching Hospitals. Samples of various origins were processed according to national standard procedures. Identification of bacteria was carried out according to the Biomérieux API® technique, antibiotics susceptibility test done according to the 2015 recommendations of the Comité de l’antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie (CA-SFM). Thus, enterobacteria with a decreased susceptibility to ertapenem and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to imipenem were included.
Results: During the study, 306 strains were isolated at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital, 77 at Campus Teaching Hospital, and 520 at INH. The prevalence was 7.19% (n=22) for Sylvanus Olympio, 2.59% (n=2) for Campus, and 0.77% (n=4) for INH. Among these 28 strains from different origins, 57.14% (n=16) were isolated from hospitalized patients. Most of the strains, 64.29% (n=18) were isolated from urines, 32.14% from pus (n=9), and 3.57% from CSF (n=1). It was 14 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 11 strains of Enterobacter cloacae, 1 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 1 strain of Escherichia coli. Two strains of E. cloacae and the strain of P. aeruginosa were resistant to colistin.
Conclusion: Cases of strains with decreased susceptibility to carbapenems are isolated within hospitals in Lomé, so a molecular characterization as well as an epidemiological surveillance is needed.
Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenems resistance, Enterobacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lomé